According To Kepler'S Second Law, Jupiter Will Be Traveling Most Slowly Around The Sun When At?

According To Kepler’S Second Law, Jupiter Will Be Traveling Most Slowly Around The Sun When At?

2. According to Kepler’s second law, Jupiter will be traveling most slowly around the Sun when at aphelion.

What does Kepler’s 2nd law say about planets orbiting the Sun?

Transcript – The planets orbit the Sun in a counterclockwise direction as viewed from above the Sun’s north pole, and the planets’ orbits all are aligned to what astronomers call the ecliptic plane. The story of our greater understanding of planetary motion could not be told if it were not for the work of a German mathematician named Johannes Kepler.

Kepler lived in Graz, Austria during the tumultuous early 17th century. Due to religious and political difficulties common during that era, Kepler was banished from Graz on August 2nd, 1600. Fortunately, an opportunity to work as an assistant for the famous astronomer Tycho Brahe presented itself and the young Kepler moved his family from Graz 300 miles across the Danube River to Brahe’s home in Prague.

Tycho Brahe is credited with the most accurate astronomical observations of his time and was impressed with the studies of Kepler during an earlier meeting. However, Brahe mistrusted Kepler, fearing that his bright young intern might eclipse him as the premier astronomer of his day.

He, therefore, led Kepler to see only part of his voluminous planetary data.
He set Kepler, the task of understanding the orbit of the planet Mars, the movement of which fit problematically into the universe as described by Aristotle and Ptolemy.
It is believed that part of the motivation for giving the Mars problem to Kepler was Brahe’s hope that its difficulty would occupy Kepler while Brahe worked to perfect his own theory of the solar system, which was based on a geocentric model, where the earth is the center of the solar system.

Based on this model, the planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn all orbit the Sun, which in turn orbits the earth. As it turned out, Kepler, unlike Brahe, believed firmly in the Copernican model of the solar system known as heliocentric, which correctly placed the Sun at its center.

But the reason Mars’ orbit was problematic was because the Copernican system incorrectly assumed the orbits of the planets to be circular.
After much struggling, Kepler was forced to an eventual realization that the orbits of the planets are not circles, but were instead the elongated or flattened circles that geometers call ellipses, and the particular difficulties Brahe hand with the movement of Mars were due to the fact that its orbit was the most elliptical of the planets for which Brahe had extensive data.

Thus, in a twist of irony, Brahe unwittingly gave Kepler the very part of his data that would enable Kepler to formulate the correct theory of the solar system, banishing Brahe’s own theory. Since the orbits of the planets are ellipses, let us review three basic properties of ellipses.

The first property of an ellipse: an ellipse is defined by two points, each called a focus, and together called foci. The sum of the distances to the foci from any point on the ellipse is always a constant. The second property of an ellipse: the amount of flattening of the ellipse is called the eccentricity.

The flatter the ellipse, the more eccentric it is. Each ellipse has an eccentricity with a value between zero, a circle, and one, essentially a flat line, technically called a parabola. The third property of an ellipse: the longest axis of the ellipse is called the major axis, while the shortest axis is called the minor axis.

Half of the major axis is termed a semi-major axis.
Nowing then that the orbits of the planets are elliptical, johannes Kepler formulated three laws of planetary motion, which accurately described the motion of comets as well.
Epler’s First Law: each planet’s orbit about the Sun is an ellipse.
The Sun’s center is always located at one focus of the orbital ellipse.

The Sun is at one focus. The planet follows the ellipse in its orbit, meaning that the planet to Sun distance is constantly changing as the planet goes around its orbit. Kepler’s Second Law: the imaginary line joining a planet and the Sun sweeps equal areas of space during equal time intervals as the planet orbits.

Basically, that planets do not move with constant speed along their orbits.
Rather, their speed varies so that the line joining the centers of the Sun and the planet sweeps out equal parts of an area in equal times.
The point of nearest approach of the planet to the Sun is termed perihelion.
The point of greatest separation is aphelion, hence by Kepler’s Second Law, a planet is moving fastest when it is at perihelion and slowest at aphelion.

Kepler’s Third Law: the squares of the orbital periods of the planets are directly proportional to the cubes of the semi-major axes of their orbits. Kepler’s Third Law implies that the period for a planet to orbit the Sun increases rapidly with the radius of its orbit.

Thus we find that Mercury, the innermost planet, takes only 88 days to orbit the Sun. The earth takes 365 days, while Saturn requires 10,759 days to do the same. Though Kepler hadn’t known about gravitation when he came up with his three laws, they were instrumental in Isaac Newton deriving his theory of universal gravitation, which explains the unknown force behind Kepler’s Third Law.

Kepler and his theories were crucial in the better understanding of our solar system dynamics and as a springboard to newer theories that more accurately approximate our planetary orbits. : Orbits and Kepler’s Laws | NASA Solar System Exploration

Do planets move slower at aphelion?

Kepler’s Laws

Johannes Kepler 1571-1630

Johannes Kepler was born poor and sickly in what is now Germany. His father left home when Johannes was five and never returned. It is believed he was killed in a war. While Johannes was pursuing higher education his mother was tried as a witch. Johannes hired a legal team which was able to obtain her release, mostly on legal technicalities.

Although he had an eventful life, Kepler is most remembered for “cracking the code” that describes the orbits of the planets.
Prior to Kepler’s discoveries, the predominate theory of the solar system was an Earth-centered geometry as described by Ptolemy.
A Sun-centered theory had been proposed by Copernicus, but its predictions were plagued with inaccuracies.

Working in Prague at the Royal Observatory of Denmark, Kepler succeeded by using the notes of his predecessor, Tycho Brahe, which recorded the precise position of Mars relative to the Sun and Earth. Kepler developed his laws empirically from observation, as opposed to deriving them from some fundamental theoretical principles. Any ellipse has two geometrical points called the foci (focus for singular). There is no physical significance of the focus without the Sun but it does have mathematical significance. The total distance from a planet to each of the foci added together is always the same regardless of where the planet is in its orbit. In any given amount of time, 30 days for example, the planet sweeps out the same amount of area regardless of which 30 day period you choose. Therefore the planet moves faster when it is nearer the Sun and slower when it is farther from the Sun. A planet moves with constantly changing speed as it moves about its orbit. This law is sometimes referred to as the law of harmonies. It compares the orbital time period and radius of an orbit of any planet, to those of the other planets. The discovery Kepler made is that the ratio of the squares of the revolutionary time periods to the cubes of the average distances from the Sun, is the same for every planet.

The Marvelous Lantern Johannes Kepler found a marvelous way out of his dilemma, how to ascertain the real shape of Earth’s orbit. Imagine a brightly shining lantern somewhere in the plane of the orbit. Assume we know that this lantern remains permanently in its place and thus forms a kind of fixed triangulation point for determining the Earth’s orbit, a point which the inhabitants of Earth can take a sight on at any time of year. Let this lantern be further away from the Sun than the Earth. With the help of such a lantern it is possible to determine the Earth’s orbit in the following way. First of all, in every year there comes a moment when the Earth (E) lies exactly on the line joining the Sun (S) and the Marvelous Lantern (M). If at this moment we look from the Earth (E) at the Lantern (M) our line of sight will coincide with the line Sun-Lantern (SM). Suppose the line to be marked in the heavens. Now imagine the Earth in a different position and at a different time. Since the Sun (S) and the Lantern (M) can both be seen from the Earth, the angle at E in the triangle SEM is known. We might do this at frequent intervals during the year, each time we should get on our piece of paper a position of the Earth with a date attached to it and a certain position in relation to the permanently fixed base SM. The Earth’s orbit could thereby be determined. But, you will say, where did Kepler get his lantern? His genius and nature gave it to him. There was the planet Mars, and the length of the Martian year was known.

Albert Einstein on the occasion of the 300th anniversary of Kepler’s death – November 9, 1930.

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Kepler’s Laws

How are the planets speed in revolving around the Sun in relation to Kepler’s second law of planetary motion?

Kepler’s Second Law Describes the Way an Object’s Speed Varies along Its Orbit – A planet’s orbital speed changes, depending on how far it is from the Sun. The closer a planet is to the Sun, the stronger the Sun’s gravitational pull on it, and the faster the planet moves. The farther it is from the Sun, the weaker the Sun’s gravitational pull, and the slower it moves in its orbit.

What is Kepler’s 2nd law known as?

A diagram showing the path of a planet around the Sun. Click on image for full size Kepler’s second law he again discovered by trial and error. Kepler realized that the line connecting the planet and the Sun sweeps out equal area in equal time. Look at the diagram to the left.

What Kepler found is that it takes the same amount of time for the blue planet to go from A to B as it does to go from C to D. But the distance from C to D is much larger than that from A to B. It has to be so that the green regions have the same area. So the planet must be moving faster between C and D than it is between A and B.

This means that when planets are near the Sun in their orbit, they move faster than when they are further away. Kepler’s work led him to one more important discovery about the distances of planets,

How does Kepler’s 2nd law work?

Kepler’s Second Law characterizes the the velocity of a planet along its elliptical path. The planet’s speed varies – but it does so in a completely regular way, a way that can be expressed in a simple mathematical formula.

Kepler’s Second Law says says that a line running from the sun to the planet sweeps out equal areas of the ellipse in equal times. This means that the planet speeds up as it approaches the sun and slows down as it departs from it. Let’s use the diagram above to think through how this is so. Suppose it takes a certain time T for the planet to travel from Position 1 to Position 2. The line from the sun to the position of the planet during this journey covers the area bordered by Sun-P1/P1-P2/P2-Sun. This is the same area as found in the region bordered by Sun-P3/P3-P4/P4-Sun. So the time it takes for the planet to travel from Position 3 to Position 4 will be the same time, T. The path along the ellipse from P1 to P2 (while the planet is closest to the sun) is longer than the path along the ellipse from P3 to P4 (when the planet is farthest from the sun). In other words, the planet is travelling fastest while it is close to the sun and slowest when it is furthest away from the sun. For the areas to be the same, P3-P4 has to be shorter than P1-P2, because S-P3 and S-P4 are longer; conversely, P1-P2 has to be longer (if the same area is to be swept out), in order to compensate for the shortness of S-P1 and S-P2. But if a body covers a shorter distance in a given stretch of time than some other body covers in the same stretch of time, it’s going slower. The planet will be traveling fastest at the point on the ellipse midway between P1 and P2, after which it begins to decelerate. And it will be traveling slowest at the point on the orbit midway between P3 and P4, after which it begins to pick up speed.

Kepler’s law describes the motion not only of planets around the sun but of moons around planets. If your browser is equipped with Shockwave, check out Raman’s orbit simulator to look at a moon traveling in an ellipse around a planet traveling in an ellipse around the sun! (And then think of how much paper and ink Kepler must have gone through in the eleven years it took him to figure out that the way Mars seems to us to travel across the background of the fixed stars how Mars would be produced for an observer on a planet traveling in an elliptical orbit arount the sun by a planet traveling on a different elliptical orbit around the sun (more distant from the former, and out of phase with it) – provided we imagine the right average distances from the sun for the respective orbits, and pick the right point on each orbit corresponding for an initial observation of the more distant planet from the one closer to the sun.

Whew!) The designer of this clever orbit simulator is ahead of Kepler, because he’s working from Newton’s laws, which are a later part of our story. You can nevertheless have some informative fun here by seeing what happens when you tinker with the various variables. For simplicity’s sake, set the velocity of the sun itself at zero.

You might also want to click on the grid. Now experiment with different values for the mass of the sun and for the gravitational constant. If you set these high enough, you’ll get some interesting results. Sometimes the moon gets so accelerated as it passes the sun that it escapes the planet’s gravitational field and travels on out into space.

(Maximize the mass of the star and set the value for the gravitational constant as high as you can on this program, and you’ll get this.) Sometimes it comes so close to the sun that the sun captures it away from its planet, and turns it into another planet, whipping around on a different ellipse. (If you set the mass of the star at 90000 and pretend that the gravitational constant is about 1.64 times what it is in our world, you’ll witness this happening after about 3 planetary revolutions.) Sometimes it ends up plunging into the sun.

Fiddling with the variables gives you a more intuitive feel for what the unchanging formula in which the variables are imbedded means.

Why is Kepler’s 2nd law true?

Is Kepler’s Second Law Wrong? – National Radio Astronomy Observatory Question : I am suspicious about Kepler’s area law. Such law should not exist. I am finding “the cycling velocity of the celestial body is constant and not the swept out area”. How to prove that area 1/2*r*Vp=constant? In addition I discover r*Vp^2=Constant where (r=distance to the sun; Vp=revolving velocity of the body around the sun).

The data of the planets (r;Vp) confirm this constant,then if r*Vp^2=Constant,may not allow area r*Vp to be constant. Here are some sample for r*Vp^2=1,32725E+11 km^3/sec^2 Earth r=149597890 km Vp=29,78607371 km/Sec Mars r=227939150 km Vp=24,13051171 km/sec You may use the known data to confirm r*Vp^2=CT.

Then how to prove Kepler’s are law r*Vp=Ct.That should be wrong — Necat Answer : I think that your fundamental assumption, that the velocity of the celestial body is constant, is the part that is the source of confusion regarding Kepler’s second law.

Let me point you to a that explains both the math and the physics behind the proof of Kepler’s three laws.
To summarize the derivation, you can show with a simple geometrical argument that the rate of sweeping out of area in the orbit of a celestial body is proportional to the angular momentum of the celestial body.

Since Newton’s Laws tell us that the rate of change of angular momentum torque of the forces acting on the body, which is zero for celestial bodies orbiting a star like our Sun. Since the rate of change of angular momentum is zero, that angular momentum must be constant, which then says that the rate of change of swept-out area for the orbit of the celestial body must be constant.

At which point does the planet have the slowest speed?

Planets – The closer an object is to the Sun the faster it needs to move to maintain the orbit. Objects move fastest at perihelion (closest approach to the Sun) and slowest at aphelion (furthest distance from the Sun). Since planets in the Solar System are in nearly circular orbits their individual orbital velocities do not vary much.

Orbital velocities of the Planets

Planet	Orbital velocity
Mercury	47.9 km/s
Venus	35.0 km/s
Earth	29.8 km/s
Mars	24.1 km/s
Jupiter	13.1 km/s
Saturn	9.7 km/s
Uranus	6.8 km/s
Neptune	5.4 km/s

Halley’s Comet on an eccentric orbit that reaches beyond Neptune will be moving 54.6 km/s when 0.586 AU (87,700 thousand km ) from the Sun, 41.5 km/s when 1 AU from the Sun (passing Earth’s orbit), and roughly 1 km/s at aphelion 35 AU (5.2 billion km) from the Sun.

Velocities of better-known numbered objects that have perihelion close to the Sun


Object	Velocity at perihelion	Velocity at 1 AU (passing Earth’s orbit)
322P/SOHO	181 km/s @ 0.0537 AU	37.7 km/s
96P/Machholz	118 km/s @ 0.124 AU	38.5 km/s
3200 Phaethon	109 km/s @ 0.140 AU	32.7 km/s
1566 Icarus	93.1 km/s @ 0.187 AU	30.9 km/s
66391 Moshup	86.5 km/s @ 0.200 AU	19.8 km/s
1P/Halley	54.6 km/s @ 0.586 AU	41.5 km/s

What planet is the slowest to move around the Sun?

but this motion is slow compared to our,5 Focus Focus, Planet moves slowest at aphelion, The force of gravitation between the sun and a planet is always pulling the planet toward the sun. Which Planet Has The Slowest Time – Bardarbungavolcano 2) the four planets were approximately aligned on one side of the Sun and we used the gravity of each planet to speed up the spacecraft to get to the next one in its path The first spacecraft which did not merely fly by a jovian planet, but actually went into orbit around it for an extended period of time was Do planets closer to the sun have a shorter year? Venus is the slowest – it rotates once every 243 days —- by far the slowest rotation period of any of the major planets. Sun is the nearest star. Planet with the slowest rotation: Venus. How long does it take Earth to complete one revolution, Since every planet travels at a different speed and has a different orbital path in regard to size and shape, the length of a year can vary greatly from planet to planet. Venus – The Solar Republic Saturn is the furthest planet from Earth that can be seen without the help of a telescope. Owing to its revolution around the Sun, the Earth must rotate approximately 361° to mark a solar day. Over the course of a 365-day year, the Sun appears to move not only up-and-down in the sky, as That extra rotation takes 235.91 seconds, which is why our solar day is 24 hours on average. Neptune planet rotates around the sun (or its barycenter) with a quite slow speed of around 5.40 km/sec. Planet.23 3 Example: If 8 years then 64 64 4 AU P Pa a • Perihelion – the closest point in a planet’s orbit around the sun, speed is the fastest – Perihelion occurs for Earth about January 4 • Aphelion – the farthest point in a planet’s orbit around the sun, speed is the slowest – Aphelion occurs for Earth about July 5 Section16.1 (Read about:- All different types of stars) ⇒ It has a short day but long year Uranus planet is quite slow and its average orbital speed is only 6.8 km/sec around the sun.00:00. Kepler’s first law of planetary motion states that the Sun is at the center of a planet’s elliptical orbit. It is Coldest of all Planets.84.07 Earth years. It has 22 known satellites. — Mike Answer: Mercury is the winner at an orbital speed of about 47.87 km/s (107,082 miles per hour), which is a period of about 87.97 Earth days. Wiki User ∙ 2009-07-09 15:23:40 Venus takes 243 Earth days to complete one rotation on its axis, making it the slowest of all planets.May 22, 2018 • The orbit of a planet about the Sun is an ellipse with the Sun at one focus. How many Kilometres does the earth revolve around the sun, As the planet makes one complete revolution around the star, starting at the position shown, the gravitational attraction, Its average distance from the sun is about 150 million km. Mercury takes 59 Earth days to make one full rotation. Just for your information, here is a list of the orbital speeds (and periods) for all 8 (plus Pluto) planets:, Distance from the Sun (Astronomical Units miles km) Period of Revolution Around the Sun (1 planetary year) Uranus. So it is the longest year of any planet in our solar system. That’s why it takes almost 84 earth years (one Uranian year) to complete one orbit around the sun. Jupiter is the fastest spinning planet while Venus is the slowest. all of the terrestrial planets have exhibited tectonic activity, but none of the gas giants have. Earth and Venus has similar size, mass and density. A year is defined as the time it takes a planet to complete one revolution of the Sun, for Earth this is just over 365 days. Venus is the second fastest planet with an orbital speed of 35.02 km/s, or 78,337 miles per hour. A planet’s revolution is the time it takes to make one complete orbit around the sun. What Is the Difference between Inner and Outer Planets, What planet has a year that lasts 88 days? Ask Ethan: Does Earth Orbit The Sun More Slowly With Each, Mercury’s day and night cycle is more complex. Length of Year for Planets in Order – Revolution Around, Most dense planet, watery planet and Bios planet. That’s primarily because they’re too small and too close to the Sun to retain a moon, and Venus’s motion is too unusual. Unsurprisingly the the length of each planet’s year correlates with its distance from the Sun as seen in the graph above. The Planet Venus has the slowest rotation rate because one day there is longer than the year on Venus or longer than its revolution around the sun. A) A B) B C) C D) D masses are large and the objects are far apart A) decrease, then increase 54. The Planet Venus has the slowest rotation rate because one day there is longer than the year on Venus or longer than its revolution around the sun. The Neptunian day is shorter than our planet earth. Which planet revolves slowly around the sun? The diagram below shows four positions of a planet in its orbit around the Sun. The shape of the earth’s orbit is a closed curve called an ellipse. The orbit of a planet around the Sun (or of a satellite around a planet) is not a perfect circle. A planet’s period of revolution is the time it takes for one complete spin around the sun. It takes around 164.8 earth years to complete one revolution around the sun. Length of Year for Planets in Order. Since Mercury is the closest planet to the sun in the solar system, it revolves around the, Have students share the results of their calculations with the group and record all speeds in their Nearly 1.3, While earth takes 365 days to make one circuit, the closest planet, Mercury, takes only 88 days. Compared to Earth’s 66,621 miles per hour, Neptune is practically sluggish. The revolution of a planet around the sun is due to the gravitational pull of the sun. A year on Mercury goes by fast. Relative rotation speeds of the planets, in 2D. While Earth takes 24 hours to complete one spine, So, in order to know the speed, we just have to figure out the distance traveled by the Earth when it goes once around the Sun. Its orbital speed is around 5.43 km/s. an elliptical orbit around a star. The force of gravitation between the sun and a planet is always pulling the planet toward the sun. Since Neptune is further from the sun than Earth, it takes this planet a much longer time to orbit completely around the sun. As a result we say that they have a retrograde rotation. Rotation of the Earth is its turning on its axis. Every planet has a different period of revolution. This means that it travels at a much slower speed in comparison to the terrestrial planets. On the other hand, it only takes 17 hours and 14 minutes to complete one revolution around its axis and it is called one, Neptune has the slowest speed of revolution. The planet with the shortest period of revolution is Mercury, which takes only 88 days to revolve around the sun. It is also retrograde, meaning that it rotates in the opposite direction to the other planets. It takes approximately 165 years to complete a revolution around the Sun. Well, on average the planet Saturn travels around the Sun at a speed of 21,637 miles per hour. Length of Year for Planets in Order. The other planets and dwarf planets in our solar system have at least one moon, but Mars may lose one in 10-50 million years. The Sun (or the center of the planet) occupies one focus of the ellipse. Jupiter has the shortest revolution period and Venus has the longest. How fast can the Earth travel around the Sun? It is closely followed by Saturn which rotates in 10 hours 40 minutes. It is tilted on its axis by 23%. Revolution. Which planet takes the longest time to make one revolution around the sun? Perihelion in New York, New York, USA is on. The planet completes a revolution around the Sun every 224.65 Earth days, which means that a year on Venus last about 61.5% as long as a year on Earth. None of the inner planets have rings around them whereas all of the outer planets have rather beautiful rings. Kepler is a German and he comes a little bit before Galileo. Is Neptune the slowest planet? Which is the slowest planet in the universe? It is also retrograde, meaning that it rotates in the opposite direction to the other planets. Outer planets have long periods of revolution around the Sun. All of the planets are orbiting the sun in the same direction as the sun is rotating. Therefore, the planet would rotate at a fast speed. Saturn is classified as a gas giant planet. The longest rotation period by far is Venus at 243 days. The period of time a planet takes to make one revolution around the sun is most dependent on what other characteristics, It has the longest rotation time frame (243 days) of any planet in the Solar System and turns the other way to most other planets (which means the Sun ascends in the west and sets in the east). Most of them also rotate in an eastward direction, but three of them (Venus, Uranus and Pluto) rotate to the west. This is different than Mercury’s rotation period, which is the time it takes this planet to spin about its axis. Answer (1 of 2): Neptune, if you don’t count Pluto as a planet. It completes one revolution around the sun in just 88 Earth days. A planet’s revolution is its motion around the sun in a path called an orbit. Planet A has a greater mean distance from the sun than planet B on the basis of this fact which further comparison can be correctly made between the two planets ? Hence, Second option is correct. The longest rotation period by far is Venus at 243 days. Perihelion. You have just demonstrated Kepler’s first law, one of three laws discovered by the German astronomer Johannes Kepler (1571-1630). The length of a year on any given planet is determined by how long it takes for that planet to make one revolution around the sun., Mars rotates on its axis once every 24.6 hours. If Pluto had maintained its planet status, it would have the slowest orbital speed at just 10,438 miles per hour. Because it’s the closest planet to the sun, it doesn’t take very long to go all the way around. Kepler studied the periods of the planets and their distance from the Sun, and proved the following mathematical relationship, which is Kepler’s Third Law: The square of the period of a planet’s orbit (P) is directly proportional to the cube of the semimajor axis (a) of its elliptical path. Retrograde Revolution (to be added later) Retrograde Rotation All of the planets move around the Sun in the same eastward direction. This is also known as the orbital period. A focus is one of the two internal points that help determine the shape of an ellipse. Aphelion. One rotation of Venus on its axis takes 243 days, which makes it is the slowest rotating planet in our Solar System. Mercury is the planet with the shortest period of revolution of approximately 88 Earth days. Which planet travels around the Sun at highest speed? Kepler’s 1 st Law: Planetary orbits about the Sun are ellipses and the Sun lies at one of the foci of the ellipse. You should know by now that the second part of this law cannot be quite correct.Newton’s Laws of Motion demand that the planets and the Sun must accelerate, because the planets pull on the Sun via the force of gravity just as hard as the Sun pulls on them – the Sun cannot remain, Venus and Mercury are the only planets in our solar system with no moons. The Earth takes a full year (365 days) for one complete revolution around the Sun. = Average distance between the Earth and the Sun -The closer a planet is to the Sun, the less time it takes to go around the Sun. Neptune. Name any planet that can be easily seen in the evening sky before you go to bed. Venus turns once on its axis every 243 Earth days (which is only slightly longer than it takes for Venus to go around the Sun!). Mercury rotates one-and-a-half times during each orbit around the Sun.30.06 AU 2,794.4 million miles 4,497.1 million km. Kepler’s 1 st Law: Planetary orbits about the Sun are ellipses and the Sun lies at one of the foci of the ellipse. You should know by now that the second part of this law cannot be quite correct.Newton’s Laws of Motion demand that the planets and the Sun must accelerate, because the planets pull on the Sun via the force of gravity just as hard as the Sun pulls on them – the Sun cannot remain, Pluto has an elliptical orbit around, Revolution is the movement of the Earth around the Sun. Click to see full answer. Jupiter rotates around 2.4 times faster than Earth, Venus and Uranus are moving backward as they appear to rotate counter-clockwise. Mercury’s rotation period is 59 Earth days., Have students do the calculation in their notebooks, away from the map. Time taken by the planet to complete one revolution around the Sun, T P = 2 1 T e = 2 1 y e a r Orbital radius of the planet = Rp From Kepler’s third law of planetary motion, we can write: On the other hand, outer planets have a lot more distance to go, so it takes Jupiter, the closest of them, 12 years to finish a revolution around the Sun while it takes Neptune, the farthest outer planet, 164 years to do the same. Jupiter is the fastest spinning planet while Venus is the slowest. It revolves around our galaxy, Milky way in 230 million years.a. It is the last planet and the distance from the Sun is the longest. If Pluto had maintained its planet status, it would have the slowest orbital speed at just 10,438 miles per hour.1. The distance from one focus to any point on, The nearer the planets from the sun the longer its period of revolution c. The colder the planets the longer its period of revolution around the sun. Kepler’s first law states that planets travel around the Sun in elliptical orbits with the Sun at one focus of the ellipse. Earths orbital velocity is slowest on July 5 because. Revolution. Several might well have moved in closer, or farther out, as the solar system formed. It doesn’t have any satellites. All the planets in the Solar System orbit the Sun in an anticlockwise direction as viewed from above Earth’s north pole. On a year-to-year basis, our orbital changes are so minuscule that they’re practically imperceptible, So, Only characteristics which are similar to Earth. Neptune travels around the sun at a speed of 5.43 km/s or 12,146 miles per hour. The Earth’s axis of rotation is tilted by 23.5 degrees. The Neptunian day is shorter than our planet earth. Neptune planet rotates around the sun (or its barycenter) with a quite slow speed of around 5.40 km/sec. The planets are far from the Sun, travel huge distances in space, and take a long time to do so. Kepler-452b (a planet sometimes quoted to be an Earth 2.0 or Earth’s Cousin based on its characteristics; also known by its Kepler Object of Interest designation KOI-7016.01) is a super-Earth exoplanet orbiting within the inner edge of the habitable zone of the Sun-like star Kepler-452, and is the only planet in, If you walked along a bike path that circles its equator, you’d only need to go four miles an hour to keep night from ever falling on Venus. Pluto takes almost 250 years to go around the Sun completely and travels almost 23 billion miles to do so! Most of the textbooks say that we cannot.00:01 12:50. Surface. Keeping this in consideration, which planet has the shortest period of revolution the longest? The Earth, on average, revolves around the Sun at a speed of approximately 29.78 km/s (18.51 mi/s), or about 0.01% the speed of light. Out of the eight planets, six rotate around their axis in the same direction besides revolving around the sun. System Information Cards (revolution time), have students calculate and convert the length of their planet’s orbit around the sun, or year, in terms of minutes and seconds. Questions 28 and 29 refer to the following: The diagram below shows twelve constellations that are visible in the night sky to an observer in New York State, over the course of a year. The third law, published by Kepler in 1619, captures the relationship between the distance of planets from the Sun, and their orbital periods. Out of the eight planets, six rotate around their axis in the same direction besides revolving around the sun. Jupiter has the shortest rotation period at 9 hours 55 minutes. Each planet’s rotation is shown moving to relative scale, e.g. The planet does not fall into the sun because of the centrifugal effect of its orbital motion. C) The planets have equal periods of revolution., It is an ellipse—a “flattened” circle. Venus takes 243 Earth days to complete one rotation on its axis, making it the slowest of all planets. Our Earth is extremely tiny in comparison with our Sun. Venus is the second planet from the Sun, circling it each 224.7 Earth days. atmosphere composed of only carbon dioxide same direction of rotation alternatives similar size, mass, and density, The shape of the earth’s orbit is a closed curve called an ellipse. I presume that angular speed is nothing but angular velocity without direction. Mars has a day and night cycle similar to Earth. None of the inner planets have rings around them whereas all of the outer planets have rather beautiful rings. Since every planet travels at a different speed and has a different orbital path in regard to size and shape, the length of a year can vary greatly from planet to planet. Out of 8 planets Neptune is moving at the lowest speed around Sun. The bigger the planets in size the longest its period of revolution b. At which position is the planet’s orbital speed greatest? The Earth takes 24 hours to complete a rotation with respect to the sun. Venus has slowest revolution period around the sun. On the other hand, outer planets have a lot more distance to go, so it takes Jupiter, the closest of them, 12 years to finish a revolution around the Sun while it takes Neptune, the farthest outer planet, 164 years to do the same. Both have a very similar composition, But atmosphere of Venus is composed only of carbon dioxide is not similar to Earth. So it is the longest year of any planet in our solar system. It takes Saturn 10,759 Earth days (or about 29½ years), to finish one revolution around the Sun. Mercury is an inner planet that is also the closest to the sun. The solar system has eight planets, which orbit around the sun. Density.3. Tuesday, January 4, 2022 at 1:52 am EST (Change city) Distance from the Sun’s center to Earth’s center will be 147,105,052 km (91,406,842 mi) Year. Somehow, 4.6 billion years ago that disk around our Sun accreted, cooled, and settled into the planets we know today. An object of mass 3.5 times 10^, kg circles the earth and is attracted,19.18 AU 1,784.0 million miles 2,871.0 million km. Instead, Neptune again wins with an orbital speed of 12,148 miles per hour. Outer planets do not have solid surface and are gas giants. D) Planet Y has a longer period of revolution than planet Z. Neptune completes a full revolution around the Sun every 165 Earth years. Kepler’s third law states: The square of the orbital period of a planet is directly proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis of its orbit. Although this is a very high rate of speed, Neptune still has the slowest orbital velocity of any of the planets. If you were to view the solar system from directly “above”, it would be fair to compare it to a spinning wheel, In a planetary sense, Rotation is a complete revolution around the planet,164.81 Earth years.5. Out of the eight planets, six rotate around their axis in the same direction besides revolving around the sun. Most planets also rotate on their axes in an anti-clockwise direction, but Venus rotates clockwise in retrograde rotation once every 243 Earth days—the slowest rotation of any planet. It takes around 164.8 earth years to complete one revolution around the sun. Hint: Check the Morning Call newspaper for the StarWatch column which can be found on the back of the B Section to the left of the weather map. It takes Venus 225 days to complete a revolution around the Sun. However, scientists now consider Pluto to be a dwarf planet. So, since the earth always takes nearly 365 days to complete one revolution around the sun, can’t we conclude that it’s angular speed is constant ($19$ x $10^ $ RPMs) ? Diameter : 3,040 Kms. However, Mercury’s period of rotation is about 59 Earth days. Mercury is the fastest planet, which speeds around the sun at 47.87 km/s. Saturn is 95 times heavier than earth. To do that we will assume that the orbit of the Earth is circular (which is not exactly right, it is more like an ellipse, but for our purpose a circle is close enough). slow revolution around the sun. The length of a year on any given planet is determined by how long it takes for that planet to make one revolution around the sun. It can be seen by naked eye. The planet does not fall into the sun because of the centrifugal effect of its orbital motion. Kepler’s Third Law. it rotates on its axis from west to east. Jupiter has the shortest revolution period and Venus has the longest. What is the Slowest Planet. Jupiter is the fastest spinning planet while Venus is the slowest. Until 2006, Pluto was the planet with the longest period of revolution around the sun, taking 248 years to complete a full revolution. Jupiter has the shortest rotation period at 9 hours 55 minutes.2. The solar system has eight planets, which orbit around the sun. View Answer. This actually varies slightly, since the Earth makes an, Inner planets have short periods of revolution around the Sun. This small planet spins around slowly compared to Earth, so one day lasts a long time. Distance. Because it is almost 10AU from the Sun, the gravitational effect on it is much lower than the planets closer to the Sun. Find out about the planets in order from shortest to longest period of revolution with help from the manager, lecturer and program planner at the Taylor Planetarium at the World renown Museum of the Rockies in this free video clip. You can also go to the on-line copies of StarWatch and read the recent articles or check out the printable star maps which are included each month with the StarWatch, Inner planets have a solid surface and are terrestrial planets. What planet is the most Earth like? Every year, planet Earth completes one revolution around the Sun while spinning on its axis. 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What causes a planet to rotate more slowly?

Why Venus rotates, slowly, despite sun’s powerful grip If not for the soupy, fast-moving atmosphere on Venus, Earth’s sister planet would likely not rotate. Instead, Venus would be locked in place, always facing the sun the way the same side of the moon always faces Earth.

Bright Venus seen near the crescent moon. (NASA/Bill Dunford) The gravity of a large object in space can keep a smaller object from spinning, a phenomenon called tidal locking. Because it prevents this locking, a UC Riverside scientist argues the atmosphere needs to be a more prominent factor in studies of Venus as well as other planets.

These arguments, as well as descriptions of Venus as a partially tidally locked planet, were published today in a Nature Astronomy, “We think of the atmosphere as a thin, almost separate layer on top of a planet that has minimal interaction with the solid planet,” said Stephen Kane, UCR astrophysicist and lead paper author.

Venus’ powerful atmosphere teaches us that it’s a much more integrated part of the planet that affects absolutely everything, even how fast the planet rotates.” Venus takes 243 Earth days to rotate one time, but its atmosphere circulates the planet every four days. Extremely fast winds cause the atmosphere to drag along the surface of the planet as it circulates, slowing its rotation while also loosening the grip of the sun’s gravity.

Sequence of images from Solar Dynamic Observatory (SDO) in 171 wavelength of the Venus transit, merged together to show path of Venus across the sun. (NASA/SDO) Slow rotation in turn has dramatic consequences for the sweltering Venusian climate, with average temperatures of up to 900 degrees Fahrenheit — hot enough to melt lead.

It’s incredibly alien, a wildly different experience than being on Earth,” Kane said.
Standing on the surface of Venus would be like standing at the bottom of a very hot ocean.
You couldn’t breathe on it.” One reason for the heat is that nearly all of the sun’s energy absorbed by the planet is soaked up by Venus’ atmosphere, never reaching the surface.

This means that a rover with solar panels like the one NASA sent to Mars wouldn’t work.

The Venusian atmosphere also blocks the sun’s energy from leaving the planet, preventing cooling or liquid water on its surface, a state known as a runaway greenhouse effect. It is unclear whether being partially tidally locked contributes to this runaway greenhouse state, a condition which ultimately renders a planet uninhabitable by life as we know it.

Image of Venus acquired by the Akatsuki mission, the first Japanese probe to enter orbit around a planet other than the Earth. (ISAS/JAXA) Not only is it important to gain clarity on this question to understand Venus, it is important for studying the exoplanets likely to be targeted for future NASA missions.

Most of the planets likely to be observed with the recently launched James Webb Space are very close to their stars, even closer than Venus is to the sun.
Therefore, they’re also likely to be tidally locked.
Since humans may never be able to visit exoplanets in person, making sure computer models account for the effects of tidal locking is critical.

“Venus is our opportunity to get these models correct, so we can properly understand the surface environments of planets around other stars,” Kane said. “We aren’t doing a good job of considering this right now. We’re mostly using Earth-type models to interpret the properties of exoplanets.

Venus is waving both arms around saying, ‘look over here!'” Gaining clarity about the factors that contributed to a runaway greenhouse state on Venus, Earth’s closest planetary neighbor, can also help improve models of what could one day happen to Earth’s climate.
Ultimately, my motivation in studying Venus is to better understand the Earth,” Kane said.

: Why Venus rotates, slowly, despite sun’s powerful grip

Why do planets closer to the Sun orbit faster?

FAQ – Planets 1. How did the planets form? When we look at the night sky, we see what astronomers call nebula, such as the Orion Nebula. These are regions where stars are being formed. The nebula are formed when older massive stars exploded (supernova), creating huge regions of dust and gas.

Something then happens.
If you drop a rock in water, you send a wave through the water.
If you have a nearby supernova, you send a shockwave through the nebula.
At that point, gravity takes over and the cloud of dust and gas begins to collapse and stars are formed.
Often, when stars form, they leave behind enough material in orbit around them to form planets.

The gas and dust form a disk around the star. The dust particles hit each other, stick, and make bigger particles, eventually making what are called protoplanetary bodies and eventually planets. The stuff that does not make it into planets (and their moons) is what we now see as asteroids and comets.

Orion Nebula

Eagle Nebula star formation

Planet in dust disk around star

2. What are the lengths of time it takes for Venus, Mars, and Mercury to orbit the Sun? How far away are Venus, Mars, and Mercury? In the early 1600s, Johannes Kepler used observations of the motions of the planets (made by others) and formulated what we now call Kepler’s Laws.

For elementary school, it is not necessary to get into the details. The closer a planet is to the Sun, the less time it takes for it to go around the Sun. It takes less time because the length of the orbit is shorter (a smaller orbit), but it also moves faster in its orbit. Thanks to gravity, it has to move faster in its orbit to stay in orbit! Below are the distances of the terrestrial planets from the Sun and the length of their years.

However, since the planets are very rarely lined up, their distance from Earth will change. For example, Mars can be as close as 78 million kilometers when both planets are on the same side of the Sun (228 million kilometers-150 million kilometers). But when they are on opposite sides of the Sun, they can be a far as 378 million kilometers apart.

In reality, the closest and farthest distances are only approximations. The orbits are not quite circular; they are what we call elliptical. Because of this, it is possible for Mars, for example, to be much closer. In August 2003, a rare event occurred. Earth was at its farthest distance from the Sun, Mars was at its least distance from the Sun, and both planets were on the same side of the Sun.

At that time, Mars was “only” 56 million kilometers from the Earth. This was the closest it had been in 60,000 years!

Planet	Distance from Sun	Time to Orbit Sun	Orbital Speed
	Millions of km	AU*	Earth Days	km/sec
Mercury	58	0.39	88	48
Venus	108	0.72	225	35
Earth	150	1	365	30
Mars	228	1.52	687	24

AU = Astronomical Unit- the average distance of the Earth from the Sun 3. What is obliquity in regards to the rotation of planets? Is Mars the only planet that has obliquity? Where do the terrestrial planets fall on the axis in relation to the Earth and Moon? Obliquity is simply a term for the tilt of the rotation axis of a planet, moon, etc.

So, it applies to all objects as they all spin on an axis. It is an angle measured in degrees relative to the plane of its orbit around the Sun (for a planet or asteroid) or a planet for a moon. Some values: Mercury: 0.01 degrees Venus: -177.4 degrees, Earth: 23.44 degrees, Moon: 6.688 degrees, Mars: 25.19 degrees.4.

In the model of Solar System formation, the closer to the Sun, the denser the material. Why are the planets closer to the Sun not larger and why is the composition of the gas/rock planets different as you move away from the Sun? There is less volume in the inner solar system compared to the outer solar system, so there was less material present in the protoplanetary disk to form planets much larger than the terrestrial planets.

Some computer simulations show terrestrial planets a couple to a few times more massive than Earth, but not much beyond that if they formed in the inner part of the disk. Farther from the Sun, in the protoplanetary disk, the temperature was low enough that solid ices could form from the gas (it was too hot in the inner part of the disk for ices).

Thus, at the distance where Jupiter is (and beyond) there was both more solid rocky material and more solid icy material for planets to form out of. This may have allowed the planets to grow much larger and eventually reach a mass that was so large that their gravity could begin capturing hydrogen and helium gas from the disk.

This may be how the giant planets formed, although there is still a fair amount of debate.5. Are all weather/rock cycles similar on the various planets? Each planet, thanks to size, is different. On Earth, magma is brought to the surface by volcanic activity (heat generated in the interior being brought to the surface), these rocks cool to form igneous rocks.

These rocks can react with the atmosphere (weathering and erosion) and form sedimentary rocks. All of these rocks can get reburied and create metamorphic rocks. Much of the volcanic activity and processes that lead to reburying rocks are the result of plate tectonics.

We only see this on Earth.
On Venus, which is about the same size as the Earth, we do not see evidence for plate tectonics, but we do see evidence for volcanism.
The atmosphere likely reacts with the rocks, but there probably isnt any mechanism to create metamorphic rocks and there is no water to create that kind of erosion or sedimentation (though other things could rain out, like sulfuric acid).

Mars does not have plate tectonics, but does have past volcanism. It has a thin atmosphere, so there can be erosion and transport by wind (great dust storms). There is evidence that the atmosphere used to be thicker, thick enough to have liquid water on the surface that would then lead to erosion and sedimentation, but not metamorphism.

We are still learning about Mercury.
It is a relatively dead object but does show evidence of past volcanism.
Because it is much smaller than the Earth or Venus, it cooled off and formed a fairly thick crust long ago.6.
Which planet is really close to Earth in terms of similarities? While Venus is about the same size as Earth, Mars is closer to Earth if the focus is on where life might exist elsewhere and where we might establish human colonies.

The thin atmosphere does not make for ideal living conditions, but it is tolerable. There is also evidence of water at the poles and ice trapped below the surface over much of the planet.7. Do planets with heavier cores tend to be closer to the Sun? Not really.

Mercury, Venus, and Earth have iron cores. Mercury’s is thought to be relatively larger due to the loss of its crust. Mars probably has a smaller core because it is thought to contain less iron and may not have completely differentiated. However, once you get to Jupiter and Saturn, their cores are dense just by the sheer pressure (due to their size).

It is thought that, in their interiors, Jupiter and Saturn have cores that are larger than the Earth (maybe 10 times the size of the Earth for Jupiter). It is thought that the pressure in the interior of Jupiter is about 40 million atmospheres. So whatever goes down there is going to be crushed to a fairly good density.8.

What proof is there that the cores of planets are made of iron? Based on our understanding of planet formation, you can estimate of how much of each element you would expect. For the Earth, there is not much iron on its surface. However, if you look at its density, its interior “profile” from studying earthquakes, and the fact that it has a magnetic field, you can determine that the iron is in the core- it sank to the core when the Earth was molten.

While our knowledge of the other terrestrial planets is not as good, one would expect that their early histories were similar to Earth’s. Again, by looking at things such as surface composition, density, etc, one can come up with interior profiles that require iron cores.9.

How do scientists measure temperatures on other planets? There are two ways to estimate the surface temperatures of the planets. You can make an initial guess based on how far they are from the Sun and by how much sunlight they appear to be absorbing (closer to the Sun, hotter). You can also measure their temperature with infrared cameras.

By seeing how much heat they give off, you can determine their temperature.10. Is Earth more similar to Venus or Mars? Venus and Mars have both similarities to the Earth. Venus is about the same size and it might be closer in geologic activity than Mars.

Mars is colder than Earth, but closer to Earth in temperature. Mars has water, but presently, this water is frozen. Mars may have been more similar to Earth in the past and appears to have had flowing water and maybe oceans (or at least lakes).11. How do scientists test for water on different planets? You can measure the light reflected from a planet, moon, asteroid, or comet; its spectrum.

Different minerals have different colors (i.e. spectra) and thus, one can uniquely identify the mineral. This is the way asteroids are studied. Water ice has also been detected on the Moon. The exact amount is unknown, but may be in the millions of tons.

Regions near the Moon’s north pole never see the Sun, so it is always cold there. This water was detected by crashing a spacecraft onto the surface and measuring the water vapor in the resulting impact plume.12. How do you know if a planet has a moon and that it is not just another planet? By definition, a planet must orbit the Sun.

Even if you include planets in other star systems, they must orbit a star. A moon (also called a natural satellite), by definition, orbits a planet or an asteroid. Some moons are bigger than Mercury and may even have atmospheres, but they are still defined as moons/satellites.13.

Do all terrestrial planets have an equal chance of being hit by objects? The short answer is no. If you look at the distribution of objects that could potentially hit the terrestrial planets—Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars—the closer one is to the asteroid belt, the ultimate source of the Near Earth Objects (NEOs), the more often one will get hit by one of them.

It gets more complicated when one looks at the satellites of the outer planets. Beyond the asteroid belt, there are fewer asteroids, but there are more comets. So, it is believed that comets are the dominant impactors of these satellites.14. How does size impact the gravity of a planet/moon? The gravitational pull of a body is dependent on the mass (m) of a body.

Mass is volume times density (ρ) and so is proportional to r 3,
Gravity is proportional to mass and falls off at 1/r 2,
You can assume that all of the mass is concentrated at the center of the body, the center of mass, so, if you are standing on the body, you are r away from the center of mass.
Therefore, gravity on the surface of a body is proportional to radius and density (proportional to r 3 times 1/r 2 times density = r times density).

If you double the radius, there is 8 times more mass, but you are twice as far away from the center of mass, so gravity is 2 times stronger. Therefore, if the Earth and the Moon had the same density, the Earth should have a gravity that is 3.67 times the Moon’s since its diameter is 3.67 times the Moon’s.

How do Kepler’s 1st and 2nd laws help to explain the Earth’s orbit around the sun?

Kepler’s laws of planetary motion Laws describing the motion of planets For a more precise historical approach, see in particular the articles and, Figure 1: Illustration of Kepler’s three laws with two planetary orbits.

The orbits are ellipses, with focal points F 1 and F 2 for the first planet and F 1 and F 3 for the second planet. The Sun is placed at focal point F 1,
The two shaded sectors A 1 and A 2 have the same surface area and the time for planet 1 to cover segment A 1 is equal to the time to cover segment A 2,
The total orbit times for planet 1 and planet 2 have a ratio ( a 1 a 2 ) 3 2 } }}\right)^ }},

Astrodynamics
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In, Kepler’s laws of planetary motion, published by between 1609 and 1619, describe the of around the, The modified the of, replacing its and with trajectories, and explaining how planetary vary. The three laws state that:

The of a planet is an with the Sun at one of the two,
A joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas during equal intervals of time.
The square of a planet’s is proportional to the cube of the length of the of its orbit.

The elliptical orbits of planets were indicated by calculations of the orbit of, From this, Kepler inferred that other bodies in the, including those farther away from the Sun, also have elliptical orbits. The second law helps to establish that when a planet is closer to the Sun, it travels faster.

Does Kepler’s 2nd law of planetary motion apply to satellites?

Regardless of whether the satellite is natural or not, the movement around a central body does obey Kepler’s laws of planetary motion. Kepler’s three laws of planetary motion are: The orbit of a planet is an ellipse with the Sun at one of the two foci.

What is Kepler’s 2nd law quizlet?

Kepler’s Second Law states that ‘ An imaginary line drawn from the center of the Sun to the center of a planet will sweep out equal areas in equal intervals of time.

Which of the following is the result of Kepler’s 2nd law quizlet?

Kepler’s Second law states that as a planet orbits the Sun, it sweeps out equal areas in equal times.

Which of the following does Kepler’s second law support quizlet?

Which of the following does Kepler’s Second Law support? When a planet is closer to the Sun, its speed is greater than when it is farther away. How did Kepler himself originally state this second law? A line joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal intervals of time.

What is the Kepler’s Second Law consequence?

Kepler’s second law states that the radius vector to a planet from the sun sweeps out equal areas in equal intervals of time.This law is a consequence of the conservation of. Medium.

How do Kepler’s 1st and 2nd laws help to explain the Earth’s orbit around the sun?

The orbits are ellipses, with focal points F 1 and F 2 for the first planet and F 1 and F 3 for the second planet. The Sun is placed at focal point F 1,
The two shaded sectors A 1 and A 2 have the same surface area and the time for planet 1 to cover segment A 1 is equal to the time to cover segment A 2,
The total orbit times for planet 1 and planet 2 have a ratio ( a 1 a 2 ) 3 2 } }}\right)^ }},

Astrodynamics
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Types of by eccentricity ( )
Equations

Gravitational influences
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Preflight engineering
Efficiency measures

The of a planet is an with the Sun at one of the two,
A joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas during equal intervals of time.
The square of a planet’s is proportional to the cube of the length of the of its orbit.

Does Kepler’s 2nd law of planetary motion apply to satellites?

Does this planet obey Kepler’s 2nd law?

Studypool Homework Help – Kepler Law Unformatted Attachment Preview Kepler’s Second Law Part I: Equal Area in Equal Time Intervals Kepler’s second law of planetary motion states that a line joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal amount of area in equal intervals of time.

Imagine the situation shown at the right in which a planet is moving in a perfectly circular orbit around its companion star. Note that the time between each position shown is exactly one month.1) Does this planet obey Kepler’s second law? How do you know? – Yes, the planet obeys the Kepler’s Second Law.

It is because it moves at equal time of one month at the same distance.2) If you were carefully watching this planet during the entire orbit, would the speed of the planet be increasing, decreasing, or staying the same? How do you know? The speed is going to stay the same.

The image shows the sun to be at an equidistant distance between the planets therefore given they have the same vector radius they will have a constant speed.
Part II: Kepler’s Second Law and the Speed of the Planets The drawing below shows another planet’s orbit.
In this case, the twelve positions shown (A-L) are each exactly one month apart.

As before, the planet shown obeys Kepler’s second law.3) Does the planet appear to be traveling the same distance each month? – No, the distance of the planet varies each month.The farther the planet to the sun, the slower the planet travels.4) At which position would the planet have been traveling the fastest? The slowest? Explain your re, User generated content is uploaded by users for the purposes of learning and should be used following Studypool’s &, Studypool 4.7 Trustpilot 4.5 Sitejabber 4.4 Stuck on a homework question? Our verified tutors can answer all questions, from basic math to advanced rocket science ! : Studypool Homework Help – Kepler Law

What does Kepler’s 2nd law of planetary motion say about planetary orbits quizlet?

According to Kepler’s 2nd Law, a planet travels slower when it is nearer the sun. The speed of a planet in its orbit is independent of its average distance from the sun.